Chapter3 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
注：图是第二章最后的两张图，本章分开进行解释。
"...it is Impossible for anyone to begin to learn what he thinks he alreadyknows."
-Epictetus
开始学习如何看待已知的知识对任何人都是重要的。
-埃皮克提图
Describedabove are the technical drawings for one aspect of Joseph Newman's theories.The two drawings - MAGNETIC FIELDS IN REPU LSION and MAGNETIC FIELDS IN ATTRACTION -describe three bar magnets in a three-dimensional configurationsurrounded and penetrated by circulating gyroscopic particles, each of whichspins while traveling upon "lines (shells) of force (direction)" thatconsecutively alternate in opposite directions. [The difference between the twodrawings is that the central magnet is reversed.]
上面描述的是约瑟夫-纽曼的理论一个方面的技术绘图。两张图-排斥的磁场和吸引的磁场-描述了三个磁条在三个维度被陀螺粒子环绕和穿透的形态，每个粒子在“力（方向）线（外壳）”上旋转前进，在连接交替相反的方向上。【两张图的不同在于中间的磁条是相反的。】
Accordingto Mr. Newman, these gyroscopic particles are the smallest particles known andcomprise all atoms within the universe. The technical drawings are qualitativein nature; quantitatively, there are trillions of such gyroscopic particlesflowing in the described paths to generate the magnetic field. Althoughsub-atomic particles will be shielded by lead, the effects of magnetic fieldscan be observed through lead shielding. According to Mr. Newman, this is oneproof that these particles are the most fundamental particles known.
按纽曼先生所说，这些陀螺粒子是已知的最小的粒子，组成所有宇宙中的原子。技术图实际是定性分析；定量来说，有数万亿的陀螺粒子在描述的路径中流动来产生磁场区域。虽然小于原子的粒子会被铅屏蔽，但磁场的效果可以通过铅屏蔽观察到。（注：可能不是铅，自己翻译lead）按纽曼先生所说，这是这些粒子是已知的最基础的粒子的证明。
Thesedrawings represent the first time in the history of physics that there ispresented in an explicit pictorial fashion (via the concepts innovated by Mr.Newman) a precise, mechanical explanation of the phenomena of magnetism and theprinciple of "action at a distance."
这些图第一次在物理发展史上出现，以最直接的绘图方式（凭借纽曼的创建观念）展示了一种精确的力学的关于磁现象的解释和超距作用的原则。
Inhis researches on magnetism, James Clerk Maxwell (as well as Michael Faraday)explicitly described the lines of force surrounding a magnet as kinetic,mechanical energy. (Maxwell called electromagnetism ''matter in motion. ")This description by Maxwell has been forgotten in the past 100 years. WhileMaxwell could not explain in detail the action of a magnet, he did recognizethat such action is mechanical in nature.
关于他对磁的研究，麦克斯韦（和法拉第）明确的叙述了磁体周围的力线是活跃的机械能。（麦克斯韦把这叫做运动的电磁物质）麦克斯韦的这个解释已经被人们遗忘了100年。虽然麦克斯韦没能在细节上解释磁的运动，但他认识到这种运动实际上是机械运动。
Asone passes a conductor wire in front of and across the end of a bar magnet ,one will observe the current to flow first in one direction , then becomeneutral, then reverse itself and flow in the opposite direction. This occursdue to the nature of the flow of the gyroscopic particles as they flow fromeach end of the bar magnet (see drawings above). On one side of the south (S)end of the bar magnet, for instance, the particles flowing in and out along the"lines of force " spin "up, " while on the other side ofthe same south end, the particles flowing in and out along the "lines offorce" spin "down." A spinning gyroscope will move at rightangles to the force acting upon it; hence, as the gyroscopic particles encounterthe particles composing the conductor wire, they move "up" or"down" the conductor (at right angles to the direction that theyfirst encounter the conductor) .
当一个人拿一个导线从磁体的前端移动到尾端，将会观察到电流向一个方向流动，之后变没，最后在相反的方向流动。这归因于陀螺粒子的流动原理，它们从条形磁体的每个极的末端流出（看上面画的图）。例如，在磁体的南极，粒子沿“力线”“向上”旋转进出，同时和南极相同的另一端，粒子沿“力线”“向下”旋转进出（这里向上向下感觉翻译不对）。一个旋转的陀螺仪将相对于作用力在直角的方向上进动；因此，陀螺粒子碰撞组成导线的粒子（注：也是陀螺粒子），它们在导体中“上”“下”运动（相对于最初次碰撞的方面成直角的角度）。
Mr.Newman indicates that it is principally the spin of the gyroscopic particle(and not the direction of flow for the gyroscopic particles along the"lines of force") that determines magnetic repulsion and attraction.The interaction of the peripheries of the particles actually effects suchrepulsion and attraction (see PROOF A). Although the drawings depict spacebetween the particles flowing in a given "line of force," inactuality the particles are more like individual spirals upon a strand of beadsin the shape of a helix which results in a gyroscopic action -each particle“bumping against the next." [According to Mr. Newman, between eachparticle there is a very small amount of space created by the electromagneticforce surrounding each particle.]
纽曼先生指出，大部分陀螺粒子的旋转（而不是陀螺粒子所沿的“力线”方向）决定了磁的排斥和吸引。边缘的粒子的交互实际影响着排斥和吸引力（看PROOF A）。虽然图中描绘了给定“力线”中流动的粒子之间的空间，实际上粒子更像独立的螺旋上升的一串螺旋结构的小珠子，导致了陀螺仪方式的运动，每个粒子“和下个粒子相碰”。【根据纽曼先生所说，每个粒子之间有一个由粒子周围电磁力创建的很小的空间。】
注：图中磁力线上的粒子很稀，其实应该是连着的一串，就是这个意思。
Asthe drawings depict, the actual "lines of force" are really shells offorce which envelop the magnet s as discrete shells of gyroscopic particleswhich lie concentrically within other shells. These "lines of force"(as depicted in one plane on the drawings) or shells of force (in actuality)travel (rotate) in opposite directions relative to one another. The effect ofsuch motion is to place the peripheries of respective gyroscopic particles(from one "line of force" to the next) at opposition (or repulsion)to one another and consequently keep each "line of force" separatedfrom each adjoining (concentric) "line (shell) of force."
如图所绘，真实的“力线”实际上是真的磁力的外壳，同其他由同轴的陀螺粒子的组成的力线 分开的独立的外壳。这些“力线”（如图中在一个平面所描述的）或力的外壳（真实情况）相对于彼此在相反的方向运动（旋转）。这种运动的效果 将独立的陀螺粒子（两条“力线”中的粒子）的边缘和其它粒子相反（或排斥）放置，因而保持每条“力线”与毗连（同轴）的“力线（壳）”分开。
注：这块翻译的可能不对，自己细细体验。感觉有2个意思。
第一种：因为都是旋转方向都相同，所以每两根力线之间是排斥的关系。所以彼此分开。
第二种：力线是两个方向的，彼此反向。可看上面的图。它的力线方向彼此间是反向的。但旋转方向是一致的。难道这里说的是磁单极？一个是N极因子一个是S极因子，彼此都是独立运转？象珊瑚堡修士所说的？后面可能有细节描述磁场到底和电场的区别。届时再修改这里的翻译。
Inaddition, there are as many "lines of force" emanating from each endof the bar magnet as there are atoms aligned magnetically across the width andheight of the N and S ends of the magnet. Because of the large size of ironfilings relative to the sub-atomic size of the gyroscopic particles, the particles within the "line offorce" congeal l clumps of the filings into (via the naked eye) arelatively few number of such lines. Which more finely-ground iron filings,more "lines of force" would become visible to the human eye.
另外，从磁条两端发射的“力线”和穿过磁体N和S极末端高度和宽度排列的原子一样多。因为相对于比原子还小的陀螺粒子铁屑有更大的尺寸，“力线”中的粒子会凝结到数量相对较少的几丛铁屑上（裸眼可观察到的现象）。铁屑越细，越多的“力线”会变的可见。
注：意思是“力线”的数量是一定的，凝结到铁屑上的多别的地方的就少了，铁屑是力线的一表示，铁屑越小可以显示的力线越多。重点是力线数量一定，铁屑可以改变力线的稠密度。
这个有兴趣的可以看下磁流体的磁场表现。你会看到6边形，这或许是磁场的真正形状。
Eachparticle (M) travels along the "line (shell) of force" at the speedof light (C) and also individually spins at the speed of light (C).Consequently, such motion results in energy (E) since E = MC2 .
每个粒子沿“力线（壳）”以光速运动，并独立以光速做旋转运动。因此，运动的结果是能量E = MC2。
Itshould also be noted that, based on the theories of Mr. Newman, I constructedthree-dimensional models of two bar magnets to study how the gyroscopic particlesinteract. Using simple Styrofoam (for the bar magnet), wire (for the"lines of force"), and wooden beads (for the gyroscopic particles), Iwas able to construct these models as shown in the technical drawings. (This isonly an analogous construction. Mr. Newman does not state there is a solidparticle spinning on its axis as it moves, but probably is a particle moving[in effect, spinning] in a circular [spiraling helix] configuration at thespeed of light and moving forward at the speed of light (within the generalhelix action); such combined motion equals c2.] (See Figure 13-G.)
基于纽曼先生的理论，我构建了两个条形磁体的三维模型来学习陀螺粒子如何交互。用简单的聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料（制作磁铁），金属丝（制作“力线”），和木制小珠子（制作陀螺粒子），我能够构建这些技术图中的模型。（这只是一相相似的模型。纽曼先生没有说是绕轴心的固体旋转运动的粒子，但是可能是一个粒子以环形结构【螺旋型】光速运动【旋转】，并向前以光速运动（伴随螺旋运动）；这样的组合运动等于c2。）（看图13-G）
注：有看过珊瑚堡的主人写的那本磁流的应该知道，其所称的电流为磁流。
其描绘的一幅电流图中，磁粒子是分南极粒子和北极粒子的，并且同时向两个方向螺旋运动的，和这里描述的类似。
Aninteresting observation occurred following construction and study of these twomodels: while the N and S pole faces of two magnets (see Figure 13-Hl) attract whenplaced directly end-to-end, if one shifts the same faces to the side of oneanother (keeping them in the same plane), one will notice that the peripheryspin of the gyroscopic particles flowing from N and S will interact to repelone another, even though opposite poles normally attract one another in a headon position.
下面的结构和学习这两个模型时发生了一个有趣的观察：当直接首尾相接放置N和S极面向两个磁体（看图13-Hl）吸引时，如果移动一个的未知（使它们在同一平面），将会注意到从N和S流出的边缘的陀螺粒子相互排斥，即使异极一般情况下在头部会相互吸引。
注：xuelang试验了，我也试验了，就是两个磁体异极相对，移到不正对的一定位置时有排斥。
This simple experiment to test the validity of an explanation for apreviously unobserved (or if observed, then unexplained) magnetic phenomenon isa powerful corroboration for the rightness of Mr. Newman’s theories.
这个前面没有发现（如果发现也没有解释）的磁现象的解释经测试是正确的，这有力的进一步证实纽曼先生理论的有效性。
Similarly,with two like poles (see Figure 13-H2) brought together (N to N or S to S)-while they repel each other when placed head on, the models appeared toindicate that the magnets would attract each other when the ends are placedslightly side to side (alongside one another and overlapping in the sameplane.) For this writer, the real test was whether actual magnets behaved inthis manner. In testing such magnets, I found that such side attraction (with Nto N) and side repulsion (with N to S) was observed exactly as the mechanicaldescriptions of Mr. Newman would predict and indicate. This simple experiment totest the validity of an explanation for a previously unobserved (or ifobserved, then unexplained) magnetic phenomena is a powerful corroboration forthe rightness of Mr. Newman’s theories.
相同的，两个同极（看图13-H2）放到一起（N 对 N 或S对 S）-当它们头对在一起时相互排斥，模型指出当边到边轻放时磁体会吸引（一个在一个侧面，重叠在一个平面）。作者用这两种方式实际实验了这两种磁铁行为。在实验时，我发现这样的边吸引（N到N）和边排斥（N到S）可以被精确的观察到，正如纽曼先生力学描述预示和指示的那样。这个前面没有发现（如果发现也没有解释）的磁现象的解释经测试是正确的，这有力的进一步证实纽曼先生理论的有效性。
注：我试了试，确实这样。
Technicallyspeaking, like a water wheel harnessing the mechanical action of a river, Mr.Newman has effectively designed a machine capable of harnessing theabove-described magnetic energy and converting it to useful electrical energy.Therefore, the produced electrical energy comes from the gyroscopic particlescomprising the atoms of the magnet. A magnetic field is created (as thedrawings indicate) when the atoms of a given material become aligned. Accordingto Mr. Newman, the motion of the gyroscopic particles about the "lines(shells) of force" surrounding a magnet are a precise reflection of theinterior, structural interaction of these particles within a given atom. Thelarger particles (quark, neutrino, meson, electron, proton, neutron, etc.) arevarious configurations and agglutinations of the gyroscopic particle. As theatoms become aligned within a magnet-to-be, they begin to act upon (andmagnify) one another's individual, atomic, magnetic fields to integrate withone another until such fields completely mesh and expand to become the magneticfield of the complete magnet.
技术上讲，水轮可以利用河流的机械运动，纽曼先生已经有效的设计了一种可以利用上述磁能并转化成有用的电能的机器。因此，产生的电能来自于组成磁体原子的陀螺粒子。当材料的原子变得有序一个磁场就被创建（如图中所示）。根据纽曼先生所说，磁体周围“力线（壳）”中的陀螺粒子的运动是一个原子结构内部这些粒子交互的精确反映。更大的粒子（夸克，中微子，介子，电子，质子，中子等）是陀螺粒子的各种排列组合。正如原子变得有序会产生磁场，它们开始同其他独立的、原子性、磁区域性相互作用整合为一体，直到这样的区域完全匹配并扩展成完整磁体的磁场区域。
Onemay wonder that, if the magnets are depleted of their gyroscopic particlesduring the course of the operation of Mr. Newman's machine, will they noteventually lose their mass completely? The answer is yes, although because Mr.Newman’s energy machine operates at 100% conversion efficiency (there being noradiation, heat, light, etc., as in nuclear fission reactions which operate atless than 1% efficiency), and because there are trillions plus gyroscopicparticles within each atom, Mr. Newman estimates that it would literally bethousands of years before one would detect any significant , measurable amountof mass loss within a magnet.
一个人会惊奇于，如果磁体在驱动纽曼先生的能源机时耗尽它们的陀螺粒子，它们最终不会失去所有质量？答案是确定的，虽然因为纽曼先生的能源机工作在100%的转换效率（不会产生辐射、热、光等，如裂变反应工作在低于1%的效率），因为每个原子中有万亿的陀螺粒子，纽曼先生估计在检测到磁体明显的、可测量的质量损失之前它能工作成千上万年。
Itshould be noted that Mr. Newman has worked on these ideas for 19 years. Mr.Newman submitted his theoretical discussion and proofs to the patent officeseveral years before he constructed the actual working prototype of his energymachine. Mr. Newman was totally convinced of the rightness of his theories anddid not need an operating machine to prove such rightness to himself. From hisperspective, such a machine was needed as proof to everyone else.
应该注意到纽曼先生已经致力于这些工作19年了。纽曼先生在实际制作他的能量机原型几年前就提交它的理论论述和证明到专利局，纽曼先生完全确信他的理论的正确性，不需要一个可操作的机器来使他自己相信。他的观点是，那样的机器让别人来相信是必要的。
Itis Mr. Newman's position that from his various theories (of which thisdiscussion about the [magnetic- field-creating] gyroscopic particles is only asingle aspect of his theories) one should be able to understand that it wouldbe possible to construct an energy machine that was capable of harnessing such(gyroscopic) energy if one could visualize the proper configuration of thematerials necessary to effect such harnessing. Such configuration is thetechnical aspect of the Patent itself - technically independent of, buttheoretically dependent upon, understanding the nature of the gyroscopicparticles and how they interact with one another, especially since all atoms inthe universe are composed of such particles.
站在纽曼的位置，根据他的理论（讨论的[磁场的创建]陀螺粒子是他的理论唯一的方面）一个人应该能理解构建一个能控制这种（陀螺粒子）能量的能源机是可能的，如果一个人能洞悉必要的物质正确的构造。这样的构造是专利自身的技术方面-技术独立的，但依赖于上面的理论，理解陀螺子的原理和它们怎么交互，尤其是所有的宇宙中的原子都是由这样的粒子组成。
Althoughthis would be a separate (but physically - related) theoretical discussion, Mr.Newman has indicated that gravitation is the observed effect of the interactionof unobserved electromagnetic fields (composed of gyroscopic particles)surrounding bodies in space. [Mr. Newman has theoretical concepts appropriateto this subject.]
虽然这将是一个分开的（但物理相关的）理论讨论，纽曼先生已经指出引力是物体周围不可见的电磁区域（由陀螺子组成）交互的可见结果。[纽曼先生的理论概念适用于这个话题。]
Asthe drawings also indicate, positive and negative electrical charges aredetermined by the gyroscopic spin of individual particles, and such charges arerepelled or attracted to one another according to periphery attraction (seePROOF A).
同时两张图指出，正和负电荷决定于独立粒子的回旋，这样的电荷相互吸引或排斥是根据外围的相互作用。
Thefundamental, gyroscopic particle is, therefore, the unifying factor for thenuclear, electric, magnetic, and gravitational fields.
因此，基础的陀螺子是核能、电场、磁场、引力场的共同要素。
Evan R. Soule', Jr.
New Orleans, Louisiana (1984)
NOTE: To date, over thirty individuals have signedAffidavits attesting to the rightness of Mr. Newman's invention. Theseindividuals include electrical engineers, physicists, inventors, scientists,and explicitly: Mr. Milton Everett (biomass energy specialist with theMississippi Department of Energy), Dr. Roger Hastings (principal physicist forSperry-Univac in St. Paul, Minnesota), and Mr. Eike Mueller (West Germanscientist and European Space Agency mission coordinato1- with the NationalAeronautics and Space Administration).
注意：现在为止，超过三十人已经签订宣誓书证明纽曼先生的发明。这些个人包括电学工程师、物理学家、发明家、科学家，比较有名的有xxx。
